Night blindness is one eye disorder which is scientifically known by Nyctalopia. People with night blindness problem often find hard to see at night or in poor light as well. Retina, one important part of eye is built of rod cells and cone cells. The outer part of retina comprises of more rod cells comparing to cone cells. With the help of rod cells you can see in poor light also, as a result rod cells are considered most vital. Disorder of the rod cells is leading reason behind occurrence of night blindness. In short, this eye disorder takes place when rod cells present in retina find difficult to respond to the light. Step by step rod cells lose their ability of responding to light, once this eye disorder becomes progressive. Night blindness is also known by another name called ‘retinitis pigmentosa’ (RP). When this problem occurs due to genetic eye condition and contributes to loss of vision, the optic nerve gets pale white. When the possibilities of daytime vision getting affected increase considerably in that case the chances of incurable blindness rises consequently. In addition, person may also suffer from ‘detective dark adaptation’ in early phase. Once the diseases progresses person may notice depletion of the peripheral visual field and may notice central vision loss. Therefore finding the root cause at the initial stage is vital to prevent the progression of the disease. Some of the commonly observed symptoms linked with use of eye problem include poor or blurred vision especially after evening time, vision loss due to exposure to bright light since long period, persistent dry eyes and so on.
TREATMENT DEPENDING ON CAUSES TO OVERCOME NIGHT BLINDNESS
There are numerous causes that lead to night blindness and therefore treatment varies depending on each cause. Hence some of them are listed below:-
- Glaucoma and other associated drugs which constrict pupils:-
Glaucoma is one such disease which promotes pressure build up on eyes, which in turn results in blindness and affects optic nerve as well. The diagnosis of disease in the early stage is necessary to treat night blindness. In addition, the drugs which are used to treat glaucoma are also responsible for constriction of pupils, which further contributes to nyctalopia. If this disease is left untreated enhances risk of permanent blindness. Hence, seek for medical help at the early stage.
You can overcome glaucoma effectively with the help of surgery and laser treatment. Even choosing some prescribed medication can also prove beneficial to reduce the pressure buildup in the eye. But compared to medication, surgery is one good option. Trabeculectomy, surgical implants and laser trabeculoplasty are some of the popular prescribed type of treatment that assists to get rid of glaucoma. Night blindness, caused by glaucoma drugs can be treat easily just by adopting other alternatives, with consultation of ophthalmologist.
- Cataracts:-
This is another cause that is linked with night blindness. Cataract surgeries are considered one effective option to get rid of this problem. The treatment includes insertion of ultrasound probes, which resolved the issue of cloudy eye lens successfully. In addition, artificial lens is also utilized as substitute the clouded lens, which is last part of treatment.
- Lack of vitamin A:-
Deficiency of vitamin A is thought to be major cause of night blindness. This vitamin plays a dominant role in the functioning of retina, especially visual perception.
Sufficient amount of vitamin A is necessary to cure this problem. Foods such as carrots, mango, dried apricots, leafy green veggies, tuna fish, sweet potatoes and its supplements are loaded with vitamin A.
- Diabetes:-
Night blindness can also take place due to elevated level of high blood glucose level, stimulated by diabetes diseases. Vision loss is the prime symptom link with severe diabetes.
In order to cope with this problem early diagnosis of diabetes is must. In addition treatment method like insulin injection can help substantially is lessening the severity of the disease. This method may lower the chances of future deterioration of vision. Treatment of diabetes includes use of eyeglasses in extreme condition and even surgery as well, if needed.
- Deficiency of zinc:-
Lack of zinc mineral in daily regimen is a result of lower visibility and night blindness. The zinc mineral along with vitamin A, both plays a key role in driving the vision mechanism.
To fulfill the daily requirement of zinc mineral include beef, nuts and poultry in your daily diet (moderate amount) and keep the problem of night blindness at bay.
- Keratoconus:-
This problem occurs because of weakening fibers that basically involves cornea in its correct position. Reduce vision in poor light is most common symptom of this condition among other several symptoms. Itching, distorted vision and sensitivity to bright light are other most commonly observe symptoms of this condition.
There is numerous treatment options are available to treat this condition which can be adopted depending on the severity of the condition. The treatment involves use of soft contact lenses, rigid gas permeable contact lenses and intacs plastic rings in order to correct the shape of cornea. Surgical option also considered useful in severe cases.
- Exposure to sunlight:-
The chances of temporary night blindness enhances if one comes direct exposure to solar radiation since long time. The eye disorder that is macular degeneration and cataracts can also takes place due to direct exposure to sunlight for long period.
One can definitely deal with this problem successfully by wearing sunglasses and broad brimmed hats. In fact, it is best way of protecting your eyes from excess heat of sun. Apart from these give rest to your eyes and avoid prolonged direct contact with sunlight, if possible.
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